

Russian Metals supplies Russian ST3 steel, Steel 35, Steel 45 and legacy DIN 2391 St35 and St45 precision tubes for structural fabrication, engineering, machinery, automotive, hydraulic and industrial applications.
Our supply range can include ST3 steel plate, sheet, round bar, rod, structural sections, Steel 35 round bar, Steel 45 round bar, forged bars, hot-rolled bars and DIN 2391 precision steel tubes in specified delivery conditions.
Buyers can submit requirements by grade, standard, dimensions, quantity, delivery condition, testing requirement and destination. Russian Metals will confirm material availability, applicable specifications, minimum order quantity, inspection documentation and delivery schedule against the enquiry.
These grade names look similar but do not describe the same material.
| Search designation | Material category | Principal standard | Common product forms | Typical procurement use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST3, St3, Ст3 | Ordinary-quality structural carbon steel | GOST 380-2005 | Plate, sheet, bar, rod and structural sections | Welded structures, frames and general fabrication |
| Steel 35, Сталь 35 | Quality structural carbon steel | GOST 1050 | Round bar, forged bar, flat bar and engineering components | Shafts, levers, axles, pins and machinery parts |
| Steel 45, Сталь 45 | Medium-carbon quality structural steel | GOST 1050 | Round bar, forged bar, plate and machined components | Gears, shafts, spindles, pins and wear-loaded parts |
| St35, 1.0308 | Precision-tube steel designation | Legacy DIN 2391 | Seamless precision steel tube and honed tube | Hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical tube systems |
| St45, 1.0408 | Higher-strength precision-tube designation | Legacy DIN 2391 | Seamless cold-drawn and precision tube | Mechanical, hydraulic and engineering tube systems |
| St35.8 | Elevated-temperature tube grade | Legacy DIN 17175 | Seamless boiler and pressure tube | Boiler, heat exchanger and elevated-temperature service |
Equivalent-grade references must not be treated as automatic substitutions. The final material must be selected according to chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions, delivery condition, impact requirements, heat treatment and the governing project specification.
ST3 steel is an ordinary-quality carbon structural steel used for welded and non-welded structures, general fabrication, machinery frames and industrial components.
Russian Metals can support enquiries for Russian ST3 steel in plate, sheet, round bar, rod and hot-rolled forms. Common grade variants include ST3sp steel, ST3ps steel and ST3kp steel.
The letters following the ST3 designation indicate the degree of deoxidation.
| Grade | Russian designation | Deoxidation condition | General description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST3kp | Ст3кп | Rimmed steel | Lower silicon content and economical general-purpose material |
| ST3ps | Ст3пс | Semi-killed steel | Intermediate deoxidation and balanced processing characteristics |
| ST3sp | Ст3сп | Killed steel | More uniform structure and commonly requested for structural applications |
The required ST3 variant must be stated in the purchase order. ST3kp, ST3ps and ST3sp should not be supplied interchangeably without technical approval.
The following table shows ladle-analysis ranges associated with the principal ST3 variants under GOST 380-2005.
| Grade | Carbon C, % | Manganese Mn, % | Silicon Si, % | Phosphorus P, max % | Sulphur S, max % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST3kp / Ст3кп | 0.14–0.22 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.05 maximum | 0.040 | 0.050 |
| ST3ps / Ст3пс | 0.14–0.22 | 0.40–0.65 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.040 | 0.050 |
| ST3sp / Ст3сп | 0.14–0.22 | 0.40–0.65 | 0.15–0.30 | 0.040 | 0.050 |
Final chemistry must be verified against the applicable standard edition and mill test certificate.
ST3 steel mechanical properties vary according to product form, thickness, subgrade, rolling condition and testing standard.
| Property | Commercial reference range |
|---|---|
| Yield strength | Approximately 235–285 MPa, depending on thickness and product |
| Tensile strength | Approximately 370–510 MPa |
| Elongation | Generally 20% minimum or as specified |
| Hardness | Dependent on product and delivery condition |
| Weldability | Generally suitable for structural welding with an approved procedure |
Do not use general website values for final engineering calculations. The purchaser should specify required minimum yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, impact testing and thickness range.
| Russian grade | Common international comparison | Important qualification |
|---|---|---|
| ST3sp | EN S235JR | Common commercial comparison, not an exact universal equivalent |
| ST3sp | ASTM A36 | Frequently compared for structural applications, but chemistry and testing differ |
| ST3 | ISO E235 family | Selection depends on product and applicable ISO edition |
| ST3 | Chinese Q235 family | Often compared commercially; project approval is required |
Customers searching for “ST3 steel equivalent to ASTM A36” or “ST3 steel equivalent to EN S235JR” should provide the complete project specification before substitution.
Russian Metals can process enquiries for:
Dimensions and tolerances are confirmed according to the selected product standard and mill availability.
ST3 carbon structural steel is commonly considered for:
ST3 should not be selected for pressure service, low-temperature impact-critical structures or highly stressed components without engineering review.
Russian Metals supports buyers seeking a GOST 380-2005 ST3 steel plate supplier, ST3 steel plate supplier in India or Russian ST3 steel exporter from India.
For an accurate quotation, provide:
Live stock and ST3 steel price per kg in India must be confirmed at the time of enquiry because pricing changes with dimensions, quantity, origin, testing and delivery terms.
Steel 35 is a quality structural carbon steel used for engineering components requiring greater strength and hardness than ordinary structural steel.
It may be supplied as Steel 35 round bar, hot-rolled bar, forged bar, flat bar, plate or machining stock, depending on the required standard and manufacturing route.
Steel 35 under GOST 1050 must not be confused with DIN 2391 St35 precision-tube steel.
| Element | Steel 35 composition, % |
|---|---|
| Carbon C | 0.32–0.40 |
| Silicon Si | 0.17–0.37 |
| Manganese Mn | 0.50–0.80 |
| Nickel Ni | 0.30 maximum |
| Sulphur S | 0.035 maximum |
| Phosphorus P | 0.030 maximum |
| Chromium Cr | 0.25 maximum |
| Copper Cu | 0.30 maximum |
| Arsenic As | 0.08 maximum |
Chemical values must be checked against the governing standard, product form and MTC.
The following values are useful reference minimums for rolled Steel 35 products. Actual properties depend on section size and delivery condition.
| Property | Reference value |
|---|---|
| Yield strength | 315 MPa minimum |
| Tensile strength | 530 MPa minimum |
| Elongation | 20% minimum |
| Reduction of area | 45% minimum |
| Impact toughness, where ordered | Subject to applicable test and heat-treatment condition |
For larger diameters, forged bars, heat-treated products or special applications, the required properties must be stated separately.
Steel 35 can be supplied or processed in conditions such as:
Hardness cannot be stated as one universal number because it changes substantially with section size, heat-treatment cycle and final tempering condition.
The purchase order should identify:
Steel 35 has more limited weldability than low-carbon ST3 steel. Welding should be completed using a qualified procedure with suitable preheating and post-weld controls where required.
| Standard system | Common comparison |
|---|---|
| SAE/AISI | AISI 1035 |
| EN | C35 or C35E family |
| DIN/Werkstoff | C35-related designations |
| Chinese GB | Grade selected by chemistry and mechanical-property comparison |
These are cross-reference grades, not automatic equivalents. AISI 1035, C35 and Russian Steel 35 may differ in residual-element limits, testing, heat treatment and dimensional standards.
Steel 35 may be used for:
Russian Metals can support enquiries for GOST 1050-2013 Steel 35 round bar, Steel 35 forged bar and Russian Steel 35 round bar export requirements.
Available supply routes may include:
| Product | Possible delivery condition |
|---|---|
| Steel 35 round bar | Hot rolled, normalized, annealed or peeled |
| Steel 35 forged bar | Forged, normalized, annealed or rough machined |
| Steel 35 bright bar | Cold drawn, peeled or ground |
| Steel 35 flat bar | Hot rolled or cut from plate |
| Steel 35 plate | Subject to mill route and project requirements |
Send the diameter, length, quantity, heat-treatment condition, hardness, testing and delivery location to receive a commercial offer.
Steel 45 is a widely used Russian medium-carbon steel selected for parts requiring higher strength, hardness and wear resistance than Steel 35.
Russian Metals can process requirements for Steel 45 round bar, forged bar, hot-rolled bar, plate, sheet and machining stock.
Steel 45 under GOST 1050 must not be confused with DIN 2391 St45 precision-tube material or machinery models containing “ST45” in their product name.
| Element | Steel 45 composition, % |
|---|---|
| Carbon C | 0.42–0.50 |
| Silicon Si | 0.17–0.37 |
| Manganese Mn | 0.50–0.80 |
| Nickel Ni | 0.25–0.30 maximum, subject to standard |
| Sulphur S | 0.040 maximum |
| Phosphorus P | 0.035 maximum |
| Chromium Cr | 0.25 maximum |
| Copper Cu | 0.25–0.30 maximum, subject to standard |
| Arsenic As | 0.08 maximum |
The applicable MTC and standard edition remain the controlling documents.
| Property | Reference value |
|---|---|
| Yield strength | 355 MPa minimum |
| Tensile strength | 600 MPa minimum |
| Elongation | 16% minimum |
| Reduction of area | 40% minimum |
| Hardness | Depends on supply and heat-treatment condition |
These mechanical-property references generally apply to specified rolled-product conditions and dimensional limits. Forged, annealed, normalized and quenched-and-tempered bars may have different requirements.
Steel 45 responds effectively to heat treatment and can be supplied or processed as:
Steel 45 heat treatment and hardness must be defined from the required component performance rather than selected from a generic internet chart.
Important ordering parameters include:
Because of its higher carbon content, Steel 45 has restricted weldability compared with ST3 steel. Fabrication requires an approved welding procedure and appropriate thermal controls.
| Standard system | Common comparison |
|---|---|
| SAE/AISI | AISI 1045 |
| EN | C45, C45E or C45EC family |
| JIS | S45C |
| DIN/Werkstoff | C45-related grades, including commonly referenced 1.1191 variants |
| Chinese GB | Grade 45 family, subject to specification comparison |
Steel 45 equivalent to AISI 1045, Steel 45 equivalent to C45 and Steel 45 equivalent to JIS S45C are common procurement searches. However, the materials are not universally interchangeable without reviewing chemistry, hardenability, mechanical properties, testing and delivery condition.
| Comparison factor | Russian Steel 45 | AISI 1045 | EN C45 family |
|---|---|---|---|
| Material class | Medium-carbon engineering steel | Medium-carbon engineering steel | Non-alloy quality or special steel |
| Nominal carbon range | Approximately 0.42–0.50% | Similar medium-carbon range | Similar medium-carbon range |
| Common forms | Bar, forging, plate and components | Bar, plate and forgings | Bar, plate and forgings |
| Direct substitution | Requires technical approval | Requires technical approval | Requires technical approval |
| Controlling document | GOST specification and MTC | ASTM/SAE product specification | EN product and delivery standard |
Steel 45 is commonly considered for:
Russian Metals supports buyers seeking:
Required dimensions, quantity, heat treatment, hardness, surface condition and test certificates must be included in the enquiry.
DIN 2391 St35 is a legacy precision-tube designation commonly associated with material number 1.0308.
It is requested for seamless cold-drawn precision tubes, honed tubes and mechanical or hydraulic tubing. Modern orders may require alignment with the applicable EN 10305 precision-tube standard.
| Specification item | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Legacy standard | DIN 2391 |
| Grade | St35 |
| Material reference | 1.0308 |
| Product | Seamless precision carbon steel tube |
| General size range | OD 4–190 mm × wall thickness 0.5–15 mm |
| Common outer-dimension range | 4.0–60.0 mm |
| Common wall-thickness range | 0.5–8 mm |
| Maximum standard length listed | Up to 6000 mm |
| Delivery conditions | BK, BKW, BKS, GBK and NBK |
| Modern standard reference | Applicable EN 10305 requirement as specified by purchaser |
Actual manufacturing limits depend on size, tolerance, delivery condition and mill capability.
| Standard | Grade | Carbon C, max % | Manganese Mn, min % | Silicon Si, max % | Sulphur S, max % | Phosphorus P, max % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 2391 | St35 | 0.17 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.025 | 0.025 |
| Delivery condition | Symbol | Tensile strength, N/mm² | Yield strength, N/mm² | Elongation, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold drawn, hard | BK | 480 | Not individually stated | 6 |
| Cold drawn, soft | BKW | 420 | Not individually stated | 10 |
| Cold drawn and stress relieved | BKS | 420 | 315 | 35 |
| Normalized | NBK | 340–470 | 235 | 25 |
| Annealed | GBK | 315 | Not individually stated | 14 |
Values must be verified against the ordered standard, size and delivery condition.
| Outside diameter range, mm | Outside-diameter tolerance |
|---|---|
| 4–30 | ±0.08 mm |
| 31–40 | ±0.15 mm |
| 41–50 | ±0.20 mm |
| 51–60 | ±0.25 mm |
| 61–70 | ±0.30 mm |
| 71–80 | ±0.30 mm |
| 81–90 | ±0.40 mm |
| 91–100 | ±0.45 mm |
| Wall-thickness tolerance | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard reference tolerance | ±10% |
Special tolerances must be stated in the enquiry and confirmed by the manufacturer.
DIN 2391 St35 NBK tubes are normalized in a controlled atmosphere after cold working. This condition is commonly requested where dimensional precision, further forming and consistent mechanical behaviour are important.
DIN 2391 St35 GBK tubes are annealed after cold working. The selected condition should reflect the required bending, flaring, machining or hydraulic-system performance.
Russian Metals can process enquiries for:
DIN 2391 St45 is a legacy higher-strength precision-tube designation commonly associated with material reference 1.0408.
It is used for mechanical, hydraulic and precision engineering tube applications requiring higher tensile and yield values than St35.
| Specification item | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Legacy standard | DIN 2391 |
| Grade | St45 |
| Material reference | 1.0408 |
| General size range | OD 4–190 mm × wall thickness 0.5–15 mm |
| Common outer-dimension range | 4.0–60.0 mm |
| Common wall-thickness range | 0.5–8 mm |
| Maximum standard length listed | Up to 6000 mm |
| Delivery conditions | BK, BKW, BKS, GBK and NBK |
| Modern standard reference | Applicable EN 10305 requirement as specified |
| Grade | Carbon C, max % | Silicon Si, max % | Manganese Mn, min % | Phosphorus P, max % | Sulphur S, max % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIN 2391 St45 | 0.21 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.025 | 0.025 |
| Delivery condition | Symbol | Tensile strength, N/mm² | Yield strength, N/mm² | Elongation, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cold drawn, hard | BK | 580 | Not individually stated | 5 |
| Cold drawn, soft | BKW | 520 | Not individually stated | 8 |
| Cold drawn and stress relieved | BKS | 520 | 375 | 12 |
| Annealed | GBK | 390 | Not individually stated | 21 |
| Normalized | NBK | 440–570 | 255 | 21 |
| Outside diameter range, mm | Outside-diameter tolerance |
|---|---|
| 4–30 | ±0.08 mm |
| 31–40 | ±0.15 mm |
| 41–50 | ±0.20 mm |
| 51–60 | ±0.25 mm |
| 61–70 | ±0.30 mm |
| 71–80 | ±0.30 mm |
| 81–90 | ±0.40 mm |
| 91–100 | ±0.45 mm |
| Wall-thickness tolerance | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard reference tolerance | ±10% |
| Parameter | DIN 2391 St35 | DIN 2391 St45 |
|---|---|---|
| Material number commonly referenced | 1.0308 | 1.0408 |
| Carbon, maximum | 0.17% | 0.21% |
| BK tensile reference | 480 N/mm² | 580 N/mm² |
| BKS yield reference | 315 N/mm² | 375 N/mm² |
| General positioning | Lower-carbon precision tube | Higher-strength precision tube |
| Grade selection | Based on forming and strength requirements | Based on higher mechanical-property requirements |
DIN 17175 St35.8 is a legacy seamless-tube designation associated with boiler, pipeline, pressure-vessel and elevated-temperature applications.
It must not be confused with DIN 2391 St35 precision tubing or GOST Steel 35.
| Specification item | Description |
|---|---|
| Legacy designation | DIN 17175 St35.8 |
| Common material reference | 1.0305 |
| Product type | Seamless boiler or elevated-temperature tube |
| General use | Boiler, heat exchanger, pressure and process piping |
| Procurement requirement | Grade, dimensions, design temperature, design pressure and applicable current standard |
| Testing | Chemical, tensile, dimensional, hydrostatic or NDT as specified |
| Certification | MTC and inspection level as agreed |
For pressure applications, the purchaser must identify the legally applicable code and current material standard. A legacy St35.8 designation alone is not sufficient for final engineering approval.
| Grade | Plate and sheet | Round bar | Forged bar | Precision tube | Cut-to-size service |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST3 | Available subject to enquiry | Available | On request | Separate pipe specification required | Available on request |
| Steel 35 | Subject to mill route | Commonly requested | Available on request | Separate tube standard required | Available on request |
| Steel 45 | Subject to mill route | Commonly requested | Available on request | Separate tube standard required | Available on request |
| DIN 2391 St35 | Not the principal product form | Not applicable as grade intent | Not applicable | Principal product | Cut lengths on request |
| DIN 2391 St45 | Not the principal product form | Not applicable as grade intent | Not applicable | Principal product | Cut lengths on request |
| DIN 17175 St35.8 | Not the principal product form | Not applicable | Not applicable | Principal product | Cut lengths on request |
Russian Metals can evaluate non-standard dimensions, machining allowances, custom lengths, export packing and project-specific inspection requirements.
Depending on the product and order specification, documentation and inspection may include:
Testing is not automatically included in every commercial offer. State every mandatory test and certification requirement before placing the order.
Stock availability changes according to grade, size, mill origin and delivery condition.
Send the following details:
MOQ depends on whether the material is available from stock, requires mill production or needs custom processing.
Russian Metals will confirm the commercial MOQ after reviewing the complete requirement.
ST3 steel price per kg, Steel 35 price per kg and Steel 45 price per kg depend on:
Request a live quotation rather than publishing or relying on an outdated fixed price.
Russian Metals helps buyers identify and source the correct steel designation instead of treating similar-looking grade names as interchangeable.
Our commercial process can support:
Contact Russian Metals with your material specification, quantity and destination to receive availability and commercial terms.
Click a question to open its answer. English and Russian FAQs are combined in one section for easier navigation.
ST3 is an ordinary-quality Russian structural carbon steel designation associated with GOST 380. Common variants include ST3kp, ST3ps and ST3sp, which differ principally in their deoxidation condition and silicon content.
ST3sp and ASTM A36 are frequently compared for general structural use, but they are not exact universal equivalents. Chemistry, thickness-dependent properties, impact requirements and testing must be compared before substitution.
ST3 is commonly compared with the EN S235 family. The correct equivalent depends on the ST3 subgrade, product form, thickness, impact requirement and governing specification.
Steel 35 is a Russian quality carbon steel grade used for bars, forgings and engineering components. DIN 2391 St35 is a precision-tube material designation. They should not be treated as the same product.
Steel 35 is commonly compared with AISI 1035 and EN C35 grades. Final substitution requires a detailed comparison of chemistry, properties, heat treatment and product standard.
Steel 45 is commonly compared with AISI 1045, EN C45 and JIS S45C. These are cross-reference grades and require technical approval before substitution.
Steel 45 has a higher carbon range and generally offers higher strength, hardness and wear resistance. Steel 35 generally provides better ductility and easier processing.
Russian Metals can process enquiries for ST3 steel plate, sheet, round bar and related products in India. Availability, dimensions, MOQ, price and delivery must be confirmed against the required specification.
MTCs and inspection documents can be requested as part of the purchase specification. The required certificate type and testing scope must be stated before quotation.
Сталь Ст3 — это углеродистая конструкционная сталь обыкновенного качества по ГОСТ 380. Основные варианты марки: Ст3кп, Ст3пс и Ст3сп.
Обозначения показывают степень раскисления стали. Ст3кп является кипящей сталью, Ст3пс — полуспокойной, а Ст3сп — спокойной сталью. Химический состав и область применения могут отличаться.
Сталь Ст3 часто сравнивают с S235JR и ASTM A36. Эти марки не являются полностью идентичными, поэтому перед заменой необходимо проверить химический состав, механические свойства, толщину и требования проекта.
Сталь 35 — качественная конструкционная углеродистая сталь, применяемая для валов, осей, пальцев, рычагов, крепежных и машиностроительных деталей.
К распространенным сравнительным маркам относятся AISI 1035 и европейские марки семейства C35. Окончательная замена должна быть согласована техническим специалистом.
Сталь 45 — среднеуглеродистая качественная конструкционная сталь, применяемая для валов, шестерен, шпинделей, осей, втулок и других нагруженных деталей.
Сталь 45 часто сравнивают с AISI 1045, C45 и JIS S45C. Перед заменой необходимо сравнить стандарт, химический состав, термообработку и механические свойства.
Для получения предложения от Russian Metals необходимо указать марку стали, стандарт, размеры, количество, состояние поставки, требования к сертификатам и место доставки.
Send Russian Metals your complete material requirement for:
Include the exact grade, standard, dimensions, quantity, delivery condition, testing requirements and destination for a faster and technically accurate quotation.
Submit the exact grade, standard, dimensions, quantity, delivery condition, testing requirements and destination for a technically accurate quotation.
Russian and legacy European designation support.
Chemical, mechanical and traceability support.
Cut lengths and non-standard dimensions.
Packing and domestic or international delivery enquiries.